136

11

Randomness and Complexity

Fig. 11.1 An ammonite (Ptyichites opulentus Mojsisovich), showing the complex sutures. Figure 5

from Plate 44 in E. Haeckel, Kunstformen der Natur (1. Sammlung). Leipzig: Verlag des Bibli-

ographischen Instituts (1904). A collection of ammonoid fossils showing the increase and decrease

of suture complexity can be viewed at the Musée cantonal de zoologie, Palais de Rumine, Lausanne

References

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Bennett CH (1988) Logical depth and physical complexity. In: Herken R (ed) The universal Turing

machine–a half century survey. University Press, Oxford, pp 227–257

Billingsley P (1961) Statistical methods in Markov chains. Ann Math Stat 32:12–40

Boyajian G, Lutz T (1992) Evolution of biological complexity and its relation to taxonomic longevity

in the Ammonoidea. Geology 20:983–986